On Skew Left n-Derivations with Lie Ideal Structure

In this paper the centralizing and commuting concerning skew left -derivations and skew left -derivations associated with antiautomorphism on prime and semiprime rings were studied and  the commutativity of Lie ideal under certain conditions were proved

Enhanced oil recovery by smart water injection in sandstone reservoirs (Malaysian Crude Oil)

Recently, the scale of studies on smart water – one of EOR method - has increased. From decades, water flooding is one of the most used methods to increase oil recovery. However, more effective in sandstone reservoirs is injecting low salinity brine. Due to changing wettability, improved oil mobility in pores can be reached. The studies show, that the significant increase of oil recovery might be achieved. Main objective of the project is to answer the question: Can “smart water” be used to enhance oil recovery in Malaysian sandstone reservoirs. Laboratory experiments and field tests show that it can enhance the oil recovery over conventional higher salinity water flooding. Until now, the mechanism behind low salinity water flooding is under consideration for further discussions, but it is generally accepted that low salinity water flooding improves microscopic sweep efficiency by modifying rock wettability. For low salinity condition, it has been suggested that desorption of polar oil components as result of pH increase makes the rock more water-wet. In this project, three core flood experiments will be performed to determine the effect of different water salinities on the oil recovery. Two homogeneous reservoir cores which contain active clays with crude oil which has enough polar organic compounds will be used during the experiments. All experiments were conducted at reservoir temperature, around 100°C. Core flood effluents will be sampled regularly to investigate crude oil-brine-rock interactions by measuring pH, density, and different ions concentration of produced water. Comparison between the results of the three types of water and its effect on the recovery factor will be conducted

Maritime boundary delimitation of the kingdom of Saudi Arabia a study in political geography

Saudi Arabia was the first Arab country to claim offshore jurisdiction and the first Middle Eastern state to define its offshore waters. This study examines the principal geographical factors which have resulted in the present Saudi maritime boundary. The semi-enclosed sea, islands, reefs, natural resources of the continental shelf, exclusive economic zone and coastline, can all be considered principal geographical factors that have influenced Saudi territorial waters policy. Islands, for example, play an effective role in increasing the area of Saudi internal waters, increasing the breadth of the territorial sea, straight baseline and the delimitation of maritime boundary in the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf with opposite and adjacent states. Natural resources demanded the swift implementation of unique agreements, used later as an example worldwide. The author has drawn the 1958 Saudi straight baseline and a theoretical straight baseline based on the 1982 Convention and states practice. The territorial sea which is drawn on this basis along the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf coasts, is affected by the presence of islands and reefs. The Saudi Exclusive Fishing Zone claimed by the 1974 decree gave the Kingdom the same right as the 1982 Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), but the Kingdom had to adapt the latter in order to gain more control over its resources and non-mineral activities. The importance of the 1949 Saudi decree can be found in the contribution made by Saudi Arabia to the development of the law of the sea, and to safeguarding the national hydrocarbon resources (natural gas and oil) on and below its seabed. Saudi Arabia engaged in several agreements, mainly in the Gulf, in order to define its boundary. This study has highlighted these agreements as a model which can be used in different parts of the world to solve similar disputes, and can be adopted as methods of maritime delimitation between opposite and adjacent states. The importance of the economic factor has been shown, along with security, as the main factor influencing the successful conclusion of such agreements, but where there is no such importance, the boundary may become less significant and by the absence of such motivation the boundary may not be defined. Saudi waters are a rich and highly important maritime area. This is based on the facts that Saudi Arabia has 30 per cent of the world seawater desalination plants; that the sea represents food, fuel and wealth to Saudi Arabia; and that the existence of huge deserts emphasises the importance of the sea

The Effect of Teaching Using Artificial Intelligence Software’s on the Academic Achievement of the 10th Grade Students in Computer Science Subject and Their Attitudes Towards It in Jordan

This study aims to identify the effect of the teaching method using educational software based on artificial intelligence in the academic achievement of 10th-grade students in computer science in Jordan and their attitudes towards it. To achieve the goal of this study, a computerized software was designed to be applied to a purposefully selected sample consisting of (50) 10th-grade students at The University of Jordan School. The study sample was randomly distributed into two groups: an experimental sample taught using the educational software, and a control sample taught in the traditional method, where the researcher prepared an achievement test to measure the academic achievement of the 10th-grade students in the Computer Science Subject, where the validity and reliability of the test has been validated, and the test-retest reliability coefficient was (0.86). A questionnaire was prepared for the attitudes, where their validity and reliability were validated. The reliability factor of the questionnaire based on Cronbach’s alpha equation was (0.01). To analyze the results, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used, where the results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of the experimental group taught using educational software based on artificial intelligence in learning computer science subject. The results also showed that there are medium positive attitudes of the experimental group towards educational software. The study recommended designing and developing computerized software in the field of teaching computer science subject s and training and encouraging teachers to use artificial intelligence-based learning in the field of basic education. Keywords: artificial intelligence software, academic achievement, student attitudes, University of Jordan School DOI: 10.7176/JEP/11-7-10 Publication date:March 31st 202

An investigation into the current utilisation and prospective of renewable energy resources and technologies in Libya

With the increase in energy demand and the international drive to reduce carbon emission from fossil fuel, there has been a drive in many oil-rich countries to diversify their energy portfolio and resources. Libya is currently interested in utilising its renewable energy resources in order to reduce the financial and energy dependency on oil reserves. This paper investigates the current utilisation and the future of renewable energy in Libya. Interviews have been conducted with managers, consultants and decision makers from different government organisations including energy policy makers, energy generation companies and major energy consumers. The results indicate that Libya is rich in renewable energy resources but in urgent need of a more comprehensive energy strategy and detailed implementation including reasonable financial and educational investment in the renewable energy sector

Ozonetherapy in hypertension and ischemic diseases

Introduction. Cardiovascular pathologies are the leading cause of death worldwide. These diseases can be either the main cause of death or an underlying condition that aggravates the patient’s prognosis. About 17.9 million people die per year from cardiovascular disease, of which 85% come from low- to middle-income countries, in whose classification The Republic of Moldova takes part of. Furthermore, atherosclerosis is an underlying condition in about 50% of all fatal cases that take place in western countries. There are multiple ways of treating cardiovascular diseases, of which an underused but effective method is ozonetherapy which is useful for its vasodilatory, anti-aggregative, anti-inflammatory properties, and for its role in the oxidation of tissues. Aim of study. As the background, we have identified pathologies that are a leading cause for death or a chronic physical ailment that could change the patient's way of living life, after which we have identified statistically significant studies that have used Ozonetherapy be it to study the effects of Ozonetherapy in the body, as a treatment option to enhance the prognosis of patients suffering from atherosclerosis or its efficacy in the rehabilitation of patients that have already suffered from a heart attack or other cardiological diseases. Methods and materials. For the purpose of the study, we have accessed literature from relevant sources that is found in books or in databases, such as NihGov, PubMed, NCBI, and ScienceDirect. With the usage of keywords such as “Ozonetherapy”, “Atherosclerosis”, “Ischemic heart disease”, “Hypertension”, “Heart attack”, “oxidative stress”. Results. After reviewing the relevant sources and verifying their legitimacy, we have found statistically significant improvements in parameters that are relevant for hypertension where the endothelin-1, Renin, and Nitric Oxide levels of subjects that had Hypertension induced and had subsequently undergone Ozonetherapy presented levels similar to the control group with p<0.05, paradoxical anti-oxidative proprieties where shown to be present as well. After 5 and 15 sessions of Ozone therapy, Cholesterol levels dropped by 5.5% and 9.7% respectively, LDL levels were found to be significantly reduced by 15.4% and 19.8% respectively, while no significant modification was found in HDL levels, these molecules being Major contributors or inhibitors of Atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Ozonetherapy has shown its efficacy in enhancing the odds of a favorable prognosis in patients with peripheral atherosclerosis and in the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients as well. Conclusion. Ozonetherapy is an underused but effective minimally invasive method in the treatment of patients with heart disease, in controlled dosages using methods such as abdominal insufflation, Ozone-treated NaCl solutions (“Physiological solution”), Minor and or Major Auto-Hemotherapy, Ozonetherapy improves the prognosis of patients suffering from ischemic heart disease by increasing the adaptability of the body to oxidative stress, as well as by transforming cholesterol into oxysterol that is later taken up by Lipoprotein molecules and processed in the hepatocytes. The importance of which is highlighted by the fact that Oxidative stress and cholesterol are major causes of ischemic heart disease. Thus concluding that Ozonetherapy is worthy of more studies and subsequently enhancing the frequency of its usage in a clinical environment

منطلقات الانحراف الفكري لدى آمنة ودود في كتابها القرآن والمرأة The Premises of Intellectual Deviation of Amna Wadoud in her Book “Quran and Women”

تمّ في هذه الدراسة الكشف عن المنطلقات الفكريّة التي ارتكزت عليها آمنة ودود في تفسيرها للآيات القرآنيّة المتعلّقة بمكانة المرأة وعلاقتها بالرجل في كتابها (القرآن والمرأة)، ثم نقد تلك المنطلقات بميزان الأدلّة النقليّة والعقليّة، بالإضافة لمناقشة أهمّ آرائها المتعلقة بمكانة المرأة في القرآن. من نتائج الدراسة: أولاً: اعتمدت آمنة ودود منطلقات فكريّة حداثيّة، نتج عنها أحكام مُخالفة لمراد القرآن فيما يتعلّق بقضايا المرأة. ثانياً: لقراءة ودود النسويّة للقرآن مقصدان رئيسان: الطعن في التراث التفسيري لعلماء المسلمين، وتصويره بأنَّهُ تفسير ذكوري غير موضوعي. شرعنة المساواة الجندريّة وآراء المنظمات النسويّة المتطرّفة، الداعية لتحرير المرأة من أحكام الإسلام. الكلمات المفتاحيّة: القرآن والمرأة، آمنة ودود، تفاسير نسويّة جندريّة. The present study explores the intellectual premises on which Amna Wadoud relied in her interpretation of the Quranic verses related to the status of women and their relationship with men in her book (Qur’an and Women). The study also criticizes these premises using both textual and rational evidence and discusses Wadud’s most important views regarding the status of women in the Qur’an. The main findings of the study are: First: Amena Wadoud bases her views on modern intellectual premises, which resulted in judgments contradicting the Quranic views on women’s issues. Second: Wadoud’s feminist reading of the Quran serves two main goals: Contesting Muslim scholars’ exegetical heritage and portraying it as a subjective masculine interpretation. Legitimizing gender equality and the views of extremist feminist organizations which seek to liberate women from the rulings of Islam. Key words: Quran and Women; Amena Wadoud; Feminist Gender Interpretations

Second language learning and the cultural knowledge, the inseparable process: A case study of studying English at Jordanian universities

This study intends to prove the importance of having knowledge of the culture as a background that can play a direct role in learning the foreign language. The study takes English language as an example. Because there is an interactive role between cultural teaching and foreign language teaching, the study attempts to prove that teaching English language should not be limited to linguistic knowledge, but also to the cultural knowledge. Finally, the study concludes that having knowledge of the foreign culture can help students acquire English language better .The study recommends that universities should be provided with an appropriate environment to encourage the learning of foreign language. Keywords: Cultural education, Jordanian Universities, Socio Linguistics, Teaching of English as a foreign language, multiculturalism

Vegetal products with hypocholesterolemic activity

Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, The 8th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, September 24-26, 2020Introduction. Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all the cells in our body. The body needs some cholesterol to make hormones, vitamin D, and substances that help in digesting. High-density lipoprotein (HDL), sometimes called „good cholesterol” carries cholesterol from other parts of the body back to the liver. HDL has been shown to have a variety of functions that may contribute to its cardiovascular protective effects, including the promotion of macrophage cholesterol efflux, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) called „bad cholesterol” in a high level leads to the buildup of plaque in the arteries. LDL has now largely replaced total cholesterol as a risk marker and the primary treatment target for hyperlipidemia. Aim of the study. The selection of vegetal products with hypocholesterolemic activity in light of the chemical compounds and usage in medicine. Materials and methods. Analysis of bibliographical data concerning the selected vegetal products, and their products with hypocholesterolemic activity according to the chemical compounds. Results. Medicinal plants can be used for the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia in conjunction with lifestyle changes. From medicinal plants with hypocholesterolemic activity, we mention those rich in polyholosides – Lini semina (Linum usitatissimum L.) with Detoxi Plus product; Laminariae stipites (Laminaria saccharina L.) with Laminarie, VD, Lamivit, No-Colest; steroid saponosides: Dioscoreae rhizomata cum radicibus (Dioscorea nipponica Makino) with Polisponinum and Diosponinum; bitter substances – Taraxaci radices, T. herba, T. folia (Taraxacum officinale L. Weber ex F.H.Wigg) with Antitox, Detoxiphyt, Normoponderol, and polyphenol compounds – Cynarae folia (Cynara scolymus L.) with Cholesterin products and Cichorii herba (Cichorium intybus L.) with Cortelax and Rhamnolax. Conclusions. Medicinal plants can serve as accessible sources in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia due to vegetal products rich in polyholosides, steroid saponosides, bitter substances, and polyphenol compounds